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Cubism

Cubism was a 20th century avant-garde art movement, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music, literature and architecture In cubist artworks, objects are broken up, analyzed, and re-assembled in an abstracted forminstead of depicting objects from one viewpoint, the artist depicts the subject from a multitude of viewpoints to represent the subject in a greater context Often the surfaces intersect at seemingly random angles, removing a coherent sense of depth The background and object planes interpenetrate one another to create the shallow ambiguous space, one of Cubism's distinct characteristicsHistorians have sought to analyze the history of Cubism in terms of phases In one scheme, a first branch of Cubism, known as Analytic Cubism, was both radical and influential as a short but highly significant art movement between 1907 and 1911 in France In a second phase, Synthetic Cubism, the movement spread and remained vital until around 1919, when the Surrealist movement gained popularity English art historian Douglas Cooper proposed another scheme, describing three phases of Cubism in his seminal book, The Cubist Epoch According to Cooper there was "Early Cubism", (from 1906 to 1908) when the movement was initially developed in the studios of Picasso and Braque; the second phase being called "High Cubism", (from 1909 to 1914) during which time Juan Gris emerged as an important exponent; and finally Cooper referred to "Late Cubism" (from 1914 to 1921) as the last phase of Cubism as a radical avant-garde movement[1]During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the European cultural elite were discovering African, Micronesian and Native American art for the first time Artists such as Paul Gauguin, Henri Matisse, and Pablo Picasso were intrigued and inspired by the stark power and simplicity of styles of those foreign cultures Around 1906, Picasso met Matisse through Gertrude Stein, at a time when both artists had recently acquired an interest in primitivism, Iberian sculpture, African art and African tribal masks They became friendly rivals and competed with each other throughout their careers, perhaps leading to Picasso entering a new period in his work by 1907, marked by the influence of Greek, Iberian and African art

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Picasso's paintings of 1907 have been characterized as ProtoCubism, as notably seen in Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, the antecedent of Cubism[2]According to the English art historian, collector, and author of The Cubist Epoch, Douglas Cooper, remarking on Paul Gauguin and Paul Cizanne "both of those artists were particularly influential to the formation of Cubism and especially important to the paintings of Picasso during 1906 and 1907"[3] Cooper goes on to say however Les Demoiselles is often erroneously referred to as the first cubist painting


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Cubism - Oil Paintings Art Gallery Maria D'Adam